The working principle of the top hammer drill mainly relies on the high-pressure air compression system of the top hammer drill. The following are the basic steps for working with a top hammer drill bit:
1. Compressed air generates impact force: The air compressor in the top hammer drilling rig produces high-pressure air, which is compressed and stored in the air chamber of the hammer.
2. Transmission of shock force: When the air inside the chamber is rapidly released, a strong shock wave is generated. This shock wave is transmitted to the top hammer drill bit through the drill pipe, causing the drill bit to produce high-speed reciprocating impact motion.
3. Drill bit hitting rock: The top hammer drill bit hits the surface of the rock at a very high frequency (usually up to hundreds of times per minute). Due to the high impact force and frequency, rocks will gradually break and form pores after being continuously hit.
4. Rotation and feed of the drill bit: In addition to reciprocating impact, the top hammer drill bit also rotates through the rotation mechanism of the drilling machine, which can more effectively break rocks. At the same time, the feed mechanism of the drilling rig will push the drill rod and drill bit into the interior of the rock to deepen the hole.
5. Slag removal and cooling: During the drilling process, broken rock fragments (called rock debris) will be discharged from the hole through the gap between the drill pipe and the drill bit. At the same time, the heat generated during the drilling process will also be dissipated through cooling systems (such as cooling water or air cooling systems) to maintain the normal working temperature of the drill bit and drilling rig.
Overall, the working principle of a top hammer drill bit is to combine the impact force generated by high-pressure air compression with the rotation and feed of the drill bit, achieving efficient rock fragmentation and drilling operations. This working method has the advantages of fast drilling speed and high efficiency, and is widely used in fields such as stone mining and construction engineering.
